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      <image:title>People - Dr. Magdalena klemun</image:title>
      <image:caption>Assistant Professor, Department of Civil and Systems Engineering &amp; Ralph O’Connor Sustainable Energy Institute Johns Hopkins University Magdalena Klemun is an assistant professor in the Department of Civil and Systems Engineering and a member of the Ralph S. O’Connor Sustainable Energy Institute. Her research explores how energy technologies and systems change as a function of investments in technological innovation, with a particular interest in understanding relationships between technology design and performance evolution. Klemun’s research aims to enable more targeted climate innovation efforts, improve the availability of explanatory information about technology trends to enhance road mapping, engineering design, and policy development, and advance theories of technological change. Current research areas focus on advancing data-driven frameworks to study the evolution of energy policies and technologies, including both hardware and “soft technologies” (the knowledge and codified practices used during processes of technology design, installation, permitting, community engagement, use, and end-of-life management); informing policies and technology design to accelerate industry decarbonization and manage the environmental impacts of advanced digitalization; and developing technology-level metrics to support sustainable development. Klemun’s research has been featured in journals such as Nature Energy, Nature Communications, Joule, iScience, and Environmental Research Letters. Prior to joining Johns Hopkins, Klemun was an assistant professor in the Academy of Interdisciplinary Studies (AIS) at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, and a postdoctoral associate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Institute for Data, Systems, and Society (IDSS). Before earning her PhD, she was a power grid analyst with energy consultancy GTM Research in New York. Klemun earned her BS in electrical engineering and information technology from Vienna University of Technology, her MS in earth resources engineering from Columbia University, where she studied as a Fulbright Scholar, and a PhD from the Institute for Data, Systems, and Society at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Team Gallery - Kayleigh Hutt-Taylor (she/her/elle)</image:title>
      <image:caption>Project Coordinator: Urban Nature-based climate solutions program, Concordia University kayleighhutttaylor@gmail.com After completing her MSc in urban forestry, Kayleigh has stayed on in the lab to coordinate a national review of best practices in urban forestry to support nature-based climate solutions as well as migratory birds and species at risk.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Team Gallery - Julia Choe</image:title>
      <image:caption>PhD Student Julia Choe is a Ph.D. student in the Civil and Systems Engineering program at Johns Hopkins University. She holds a Bachelor’s degree in Environmental Engineering from Johns Hopkins University. At Johns Hopkins, she was introduced to her research interests in sustainability and renewable energy deployment through her involvement with the Department of Energy’s Collegiate Wind Competition. As a member of JHU’s participating student team, she contributed to designing and manufacturing a small-scale offshore wind turbine for wind tunnel testing and eventually led a project development team to plan a theoretical offshore wind farm installation in the Gulf of Mexico. In her free time, she enjoys creating mixed media artwork.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Team Gallery - Li Zeng</image:title>
      <image:caption>PhD Student Li Zeng is a PhD student in the Department of Civil and Systems Engineering at Johns Hopkins University. His research interests focus on climate innovation and the economics of clean technologies. He holds a BSc in Materials Engineering with a minor in Business from the University of British Columbia and an MSc in Technology and Economics from ETH Zurich. Li has gained industry experience from multiple private equity funds investing in clean techs. He also has prior research experience at the National University of Singapore as well as Swiss Institute of Science, Technology and Policy.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Team Gallery - Yueze Fan</image:title>
      <image:caption>Graduate Student Yueze (Judy) Fan is a Master’s student in the System Engineering program at Johns Hopkins University. She holds dual Bachelor of Science degrees in Applied Mathematics and in Environmental Policy from UC Davis. Her current research interest is data-driven environmental policy. During an internship at the Environmental Defense Fund, she worked on projects on air pollution hotspot identification and hydrogen emissions and mitigation.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Team Gallery - Alina Wang</image:title>
      <image:caption>Undergraduate Student Alina Wang is an undergraduate student at Johns Hopkins University, majoring in Computer Science with minors in Energy and Classics. Her research interests include renewable energy project finance, wind energy development, and soft technologies for energy system decarbonization. She currently serves as co-captain of the Hopkins Student Wind Energy Team (HSWET). Outside of academics, Alina enjoys reading, exploring the city, and playing squash with friends.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Team Gallery - Ian Varela Soares</image:title>
      <image:caption>PhD Candidate (co-advised w Prof. Masaru Yarime) Ian Varela Soares is a PhD candidate in the Division of Public Policy. His research interests are in sustainability and technology, specifically in the interplay between digitalization and decarbonization. Ian holds a Bachelor degree in International Relations from Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro and an LLM in Energy and Climate Law from the University of Groningen.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Team Gallery - Dantu Lu</image:title>
      <image:caption>PhD Candidate Dantu Lu is a PhD candidate in the Division of Public Policy. His research interests are in technology management, energy transitions, sustainability, and business processes. He holds a BSc in Applied Mathematics from UCLA and an MA in Climate and Society from Columbia University. Prior to joining the Deployment Lab, he was the Chief Operating Officer of Grid Symphony, Inc, a smart grid and smart building company in New York City.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Team Gallery - Qi Gao</image:title>
      <image:caption>PhD Student Qi Gao is a second-year PhD student in the Innovation, Policy, and Entrepreneurship Thrust at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou). His research focuses on cost reduction strategies for carbon removal technology. Before beginning his research journey, Qi worked for a nonprofit organization that assists Chinese businesses in developing low-carbon strategies and showcasing their climate actions at several United Nations Climate Change Conferences (COP24-COP27). He holds an MA in Philanthropic Studies from Indiana University and a BSc in Business from Western Oregon University and Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Team Gallery - Arati Poudel</image:title>
      <image:caption>Research Associate Arati is a Research Associate with the Division of Public Policy. Her research interests include climate and renewable Energy policy, just transition, and interdisciplinary climate change issues. Through her research, policy interventions, and activism, Arati actively advocates for climate justice issues locally and globally. Prior to HKUST, Arati was a Senior Research Officer at Digo Bikas Institute, a research think tank in Nepal. During COP 27 and COP 28, she presented at UNFCCC side events and spoke at various national and international platforms. Additionally, Arati serves as an advisor to an established youth network in Nepal, Nepalese Youth for Climate Action.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Team Gallery - Swathi Akella</image:title>
      <image:caption>Research Associate Swathi Akella is a Research Associate with the Division of Public Policy. Prior to this, she worked as a Senior Consultant with FTI Consulting, Inc. in India, where she was responsible for conducting research supporting strategic solutions for investment, policy implementation and development, governance compliance and risk mitigation. She has also worked as a journalist reporting on policy and socio-economic developments in India. Swathi holds a postgraduate degree in Public Policy from HKUST and a postgraduate diploma in Journalism from Asian College of Journalism, India.</image:caption>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/652adc850b194521016ee909/1734459905615-74FO69U3800EXVFR2NQY/Foto+AGU.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Team Gallery - Stefano Mingolla</image:title>
      <image:caption>PhD Graduate (co-advised with Zhongming Lu) Stefano Mingolla is a Postdoctoral Associate at the Carnegie Institution for Science. He completed his PhD in the Division of Environment and Sustainability at HKUST. His research interests are in techno-economic modeling of decarbonization pathways for hard-to-abate sectors, including the chemical industry. Stefano holds a Bachelor's degree in Business Administration from the University of Brescia and a Master's degree in Green Economy and Sustainability from the University of Ferrara.</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/652adc850b194521016ee909/1752705536778-NQSYD7P9EODL9F6GCS0M/IMG_1836.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Team Gallery - Catherine Qian</image:title>
      <image:caption>Catherine Qian is a rising senior at Garnet Valley High School in Glen Mills, Pennsylvania, with interests in low-carbon energy transitions, energy engineering, and materials science. At the lab, she is currently researching coal phaseout timelines and secondary uses for retired plants. Outside of school, she enjoys playing tennis, making music, and going to the gym.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.deploymentlab.org/research</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-11-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/652adc850b194521016ee909/712a195a-803f-43af-b432-b1422b180031/Row+of+wind+mills.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/652adc850b194521016ee909/1701601249473-QXYJT4HA8EAHW5FPFLIH/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research - DECARBONIZATION of hard-to-abate sectors</image:title>
      <image:caption>We explore the design and feasibility of low-carbon energy systems for industrial applications (e.g., in the chemical industry) under different regional conditions. We seek to identify design characteristics of low-cost, reliable, zero-carbon energy systems and deployment pathways, to support technology and policy development.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/652adc850b194521016ee909/c221eb22-e731-4dda-971a-a97bfa587ffc/image-asset.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research - TECHNOLOGY EVALUATION FOR SUSTAINABility</image:title>
      <image:caption>We develop new metrics to better understand the past and potential future contributions of technologies to sustainable development. Our goal is to better understand the technology characteristics, including scale, component supply industries, and resource use, that can support sustainable development.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/652adc850b194521016ee909/1701600990074-O3K04AY61EALCDBPKKP5/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research - SCIENCE OF SOFT TECHNOLOGY</image:title>
      <image:caption>We develop new concepts, methods, and models to better understand and manage technology deployment and decommissioning processes — to enable more systematic thinking about everything required “beyond hardware”. Our goal is to support the deliberate and equitable design and use of technologies for climate mitigation and adaptation.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/652adc850b194521016ee909/949608b7-f6a9-43a4-8411-70ee01caeb47/Evolution.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research - TECHNOLOGY AND POLICY EVOLUTION</image:title>
      <image:caption>We explore how technologies evolve and what drives this evolution, from engineering design changes and materials innovation to site-specific conditions, government investment and private sector decision making. Our goal is to make innovation faster, more cost-effective, less risky, and ultimately more attractive to public and private sector investment.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/652adc850b194521016ee909/1a5b6424-c0a8-4be2-bec3-a5804deb4e6d/row+of+solar+panels.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/652adc850b194521016ee909/1707388794526-HFQGVFVCSTBUTBHF3A9D/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research - Techno-economic feasibility of electrolytic hydrogen production systems for the chemical industry</image:title>
      <image:caption>The production of hydrogen via water electrolysis powered by dedicated renewables is a possible solution for reducing emissions from steam methane reforming. However, policies (e.g., emission standards), plant designs, and siting strategies have yet to be explored that enable cost competitiveness and reduce local grid impacts. This project studies cost-optimal plant designs and operational strategies for the decarbonization of the European ammonia industry, using the current, centralized industry structure as a starting point to identify feasible decarbonization pathways under a range of emissions standards.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/652adc850b194521016ee909/1705397187180-KUMDF1MX3EU0B0S6P2GM/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research - COST EVOLUTION OF ADVANCED ELECTRICITY METERING INFRASTRUCTURE</image:title>
      <image:caption>Advanced electricity metering infrastructures (AMI) or smart metering systems are critical building blocks of efficient and resilient electricity networks. As such, significant public sector investments have supported smart meter deployments over the past two decades. Yet what is the technology improvement return on these investments? How have smart metering hardware, project management, and installation approaches evolved? In this project, we build a global database of smart meter rollouts and associated deployment costs, and study the evolution of hardware and soft cost components since the early 2000s. We explore factors that have enabled and hindered successful deployment at the level of individual AMI projects and compare installation experiences across countries. We also explore the dual role of systems integration efforts in enhancing AMI capabilities while increasing project complexity and costs.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/652adc850b194521016ee909/1707304845554-QHPWP6NZPLZJDHUBP5UX/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research - Characterizing coal PLANT phase-out processes for emipirically grounded GHG EMISSIONS Projections</image:title>
      <image:caption>The phase-out of carbon-intensive infrastructure is vital to climate change mitigation scenarios as envisioned in energy-economic and integrated assessment models. Coal-fired power plants are assumed to retire rapidly even in regions where plants are relatively new, depending on plant emissions factors and sectoral emissions constraints. In reality, retirements are multi-year, multi-stakeholder processes that result in various outcomes, ranging from plant conversions to adjacent new builds that leverage grid connection points. However, past phase-out experiences at 2,782 coal-fired units globally have yet to be systematically documented and analyzed. In this project, we construct a database of historical coal phase-outs and their characteristics in China, India, Europe, and the U.S., four regions that together cover 90% of past retirements. We will analyze temporal and spatial trends in phase-out processes, identify best practices, and construct a set of empirically grounded projections for phase-out timelines and associated emissions.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/652adc850b194521016ee909/1707305710402-RY5GF5EHGLKB3TDZ0M0Q/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research - emerging CHAllenges in managing the energy and climate impacts of rapid digitalization</image:title>
      <image:caption>The growing use of digital services, including cloud computing and artificial intelligence applications, is increasingly affecting energy systems. Governments, technology developers, and advisory bodies around the world are actively working on solutions that help support industry growth while aiming to keep climate impacts in check. However, the rapid growth of digital service markets, together with the geographical separation of energy and service use in cloud computing, pose unique challenges to regulators and private companies alike. This project explores technology and policy responses to digital infrastructure growth across countries and dives into emissions reporting guidelines and practices to evaluate their suitability for the digital economy.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/652adc850b194521016ee909/1701800371948-ZZP37QWMFPVRIHEVPT0R/image-asset.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research - Tracing the costs of local opposition to energy infrastructure: Empirical insights from the case of wind energy</image:title>
      <image:caption>Climate change mitigation targets call for a significant scale-up of zero-carbon energy capacity, likely increasing the density of new energy infrastructure close to population centers and raising the risks of local opposition. Although social resistance to energy infrastructure can enable local communities to shape more participatory management structures, it may also cause project delays and added planning costs. Several prior studies have investigated the reasons for local opposition to energy infrastructure, but no empirical study exists to document project-level costs of local opposition to energy projects and compare these costs across countries with different policy approaches. Here we advance research on energy infrastructure opposition and costs by developing a framework for identifying project- and system-level costs of local opposition to zero-carbon power projects, using wind power projects as an example to illustrate broader insights. Using a novel dataset of project-level costs in five countries, we show that costs related to local opposition have been stable or increasing, even as capital expenditures for wind projects have trended downwards and countries have taken more active approaches to managing local opposition.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/652adc850b194521016ee909/1698121275376-8E5HY7D6TJ85Y5ACOTDJ/Background+1.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/652adc850b194521016ee909/1698123119547-Q4OTOJJFFE6WL74LPCYC/Background+1.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.deploymentlab.org/publications</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-08-29</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/652adc850b194521016ee909/1697307818753-UFWB1MHD9N0ONO5SWUEQ/image-asset.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Publications - Lithium filaments wedge open cracks in solid-state batteries</image:title>
      <image:caption>Degradation mechanisms uncovered in li metal solid state batteries Read the paper</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/652adc850b194521016ee909/1697583496852-30CEGI6QVFF1CA4DFSLF/Background+1.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Publications</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.deploymentlab.org/teaching</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-05-23</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/652adc850b194521016ee909/1698118364770-LQ4I5XXOYN3PSU2RRDDJ/Background+1.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Teaching</image:title>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.deploymentlab.org/alumni</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-05-28</lastmod>
  </url>
</urlset>

